Bind device age assurance to its origin region, add KWS fallback

Device assurance can't be verified server-side (the OS gives only age
bounds, no signed attestation), so it's persisted client-side only. Bind
each cached grant to the region it was captured in so a TX grant can't
unlock another region.

- Add AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals (signals + originRegion); store the
  region-tagged record in the persisted cache instead of the raw response
- getAssuredAgeFromDeviceSignals now requires the current region to match
  the capture region
- Gate the native age request to native platforms (web returns a
  misleading default); web/new-device/declined falls back to KWS
- TX allows ['device', 'kws'] so the fallback path is real

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/ageAssurance/components/NoAccessScreen.tsx

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import {
   useAgeAssuranceServerDataContext,
 } from '#/ageAssurance/data'
 import {logger} from '#/ageAssurance/logger'
+import {type AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals} from '#/ageAssurance/types'
 import {useComputeAgeAssuranceRegionAccess} from '#/ageAssurance/useComputeAgeAssuranceRegionAccess'
 import {
   getAssuredAgeFromDeviceSignals,
@@ -338,25 +339,34 @@ function AccessSection() {
   const onPressVerify = useCallback(async () => {
     /*
      * In regions that permit on-device verification, try the native age API
-     * first. If it returns a sufficient age, the cached signals flow into the
+     * first. We tag the result with the current region (device assurance is
-     * AA state recompute and lift the gate. Otherwise we fall back to the KWS
+     * region-bound — a TX grant only counts in TX) and, if it's sufficient,
-     * flow below. `getDeviceSignals` handles its own errors and returns
+     * persist it client-side so the AA state recompute lifts the gate.
-     * undefined on failure, which also routes us to the fallback.
+     * Otherwise we fall back to the KWS flow below. `getDeviceSignals` handles
+     * its own errors and returns undefined (e.g. on web or failure), which also
+     * routes us to the fallback.
      */
     if (region && regionAllowsDeviceVerification(region)) {
       const did = currentAccount?.did
       const signals = await getDeviceSignals()
-      if (did) {
+      if (signals && did) {
-        setDeviceSignalsForDid({did, signals})
+        const deviceSignals: AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals = {
-      }
+          signals,
-      const assuredAge = getAssuredAgeFromDeviceSignals(region, signals)
+          originRegion: {
-      if (assuredAge !== undefined) {
+            countryCode: region.countryCode,
-        // Sufficient device signals: AA state recomputes from the cache
+            regionCode: region.regionCode,
-        // write above and unlocks access. Nothing else to do here.
+          },
-        return
+        }
+        const assuredAge = getAssuredAgeFromDeviceSignals(region, deviceSignals)
+        if (assuredAge !== undefined) {
+          // Sufficient device signals: persist and let the AA state recompute
+          // from the cache write unlock access. Nothing else to do here.
+          setDeviceSignalsForDid({did, deviceSignals})
+          return
+        }
       }
       logger.debug(
-        `onPressVerify: device signals insufficient, falling back to KWS`,
+        `onPressVerify: device signals unavailable or insufficient, falling back to KWS`,
       )
     }
 

src/ageAssurance/data.tsx

@@ -25,12 +25,15 @@ import {fetchActorDeclarationRecord} from '#/state/queries/messages/actor-declar
 import {useAgent, useSession} from '#/state/session'
 import * as debug from '#/ageAssurance/debug'
 import {logger} from '#/ageAssurance/logger'
-import {type AgeAssuranceMetadata} from '#/ageAssurance/types'
+import {
+  type AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals,
+  type AgeAssuranceMetadata,
+} from '#/ageAssurance/types'
 import {
   getBirthdateStringFromAge,
   isLegacyBirthdateBug,
 } from '#/ageAssurance/util'
-import {IS_DEV} from '#/env'
+import {IS_DEV, IS_NATIVE} from '#/env'
 import {device} from '#/storage'
 
 /**
@@ -489,10 +492,18 @@ export function useOtherRequiredDataQuery() {
 export function createDeviceSignalsQueryKey({did}: {did: string}) {
   return ['device-signals', did]
 }
+/**
+ * Prompts the native OS age API. Returns the raw response, or undefined if the
+ * platform can't provide one.
+ *
+ * Native-only: on web `expo-age-range` returns a misleading default (e.g.
+ * `{lowerBound: 18}`), so we never call it there — web users fall back to KWS.
+ */
 export async function getDeviceSignals(): Promise<
   AgeRange.AgeRangeResponse | undefined
 > {
   if (debug.enabled) return debug.resolve(debug.deviceSignals)
+  if (!IS_NATIVE) return undefined
   try {
     return await AgeRange.requestAgeRangeAsync({
       threshold1: 13,
@@ -511,25 +522,29 @@ export function getDeviceSignalsFromCache({
   did,
 }: {
   did: string
-}): AgeRange.AgeRangeResponse | undefined {
+}): AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals | undefined {
-  return qc.getQueryData<AgeRange.AgeRangeResponse>(
+  return qc.getQueryData<AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals>(
     createDeviceSignalsQueryKey({did}),
   )
 }
 /**
- * Writes freshly granted device signals into the (persisted) cache. Notifies
+ * Writes freshly granted device signals into the (persisted) cache, tagged with
- * the disabled `useDeviceSignalsQuery` observer so the AA state recomputes.
+ * the region they were captured in. Notifies the disabled
+ * `useDeviceSignalsQuery` observer so the AA state recomputes.
+ *
+ * Device assurance is client-side only (it can't be verified server-side) and
+ * region-bound — see {@link AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals}.
  */
 export function setDeviceSignalsForDid({
   did,
-  signals,
+  deviceSignals,
 }: {
   did: string
-  signals: AgeRange.AgeRangeResponse | undefined
+  deviceSignals: AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals | undefined
 }) {
-  qc.setQueryData<AgeRange.AgeRangeResponse | undefined>(
+  qc.setQueryData<AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals | undefined>(
     createDeviceSignalsQueryKey({did}),
-    signals,
+    deviceSignals,
   )
 }
 export async function prefetchDeviceSignals({agent}: {agent: AtpAgent}) {
@@ -558,8 +573,8 @@ export function useDeviceSignalsQuery() {
        * Disabled so we never auto-call the native age API on load — that would
        * prompt the OS for every logged-in user. We restore from the persisted
        * cache (via `initialData`) and otherwise only update reactively when the
-       * user explicitly verifies (see `getDeviceSignals` + `setQueryData` in
+       * user explicitly verifies (see `getDeviceSignals` + `setDeviceSignalsForDid`
-       * the NoAccessScreen verify flow).
+       * in the NoAccessScreen verify flow).
        *
        * A future enhancement could silently refresh here when already cached,
        * since the OS returns the granted result without re-prompting.
@@ -567,9 +582,10 @@ export function useDeviceSignalsQuery() {
       enabled: false,
       initialData: getDeviceSignalsFromCache({did: did!}),
       queryKey: createDeviceSignalsQueryKey({did: did!}),
-      async queryFn() {
+      queryFn() {
-        logger.debug(`useDeviceSignalsQuery: fetching device signals`)
+        // Never auto-fetches (see `enabled: false`); the verify flow writes the
-        return getDeviceSignals()
+        // region-tagged record directly via `setDeviceSignalsForDid`.
+        return getDeviceSignalsFromCache({did: did!})
       },
     },
     qc,
@@ -618,10 +634,11 @@ export type AgeAssuranceServerData = {
   state: AppBskyAgeassuranceDefs.State | undefined
   metadata: AgeAssuranceMetadata | undefined
   /**
-   * The native on-device age signals, if the user has granted access. Only
+   * The native on-device age signals, if the user has granted access, tagged
-   * consumed for regions that permit device verification.
+   * with the region they were captured in. Only consumed for regions that
+   * permit device verification and that match the capture region.
    */
-  deviceSignals: AgeRange.AgeRangeResponse | undefined
+  deviceSignals: AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals | undefined
 }
 const AgeAssuranceServerDataContext = createContext<AgeAssuranceServerData>({
   config: undefined,

src/ageAssurance/debug.ts

@@ -71,10 +71,12 @@ export const config: DebugConfig = {
     {
       // On-device verification region (e.g. Texas). Set debug.geolocation to
       // {countryCode: 'US', regionCode: 'TX'} to exercise the device flow.
+      // KWS is included as a fallback for platforms without the native age API
+      // (e.g. web) or when the device result is insufficient.
       countryCode: 'US',
       regionCode: 'TX',
       minAccessAge: 18,
-      verificationMethods: ['device'],
+      verificationMethods: ['device', 'kws'],
       rules: [
         {
           age: 18,

src/ageAssurance/state.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import {useEffect, useMemo, useState} from 'react'
-import type * as AgeRange from 'expo-age-range'
 import {
   type AppBskyAgeassuranceDefs,
   computeAgeAssuranceRegionAccess,
@@ -17,6 +16,7 @@ import {
 import {logger} from '#/ageAssurance/logger'
 import {
   AgeAssuranceAccess,
+  type AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals,
   type AgeAssuranceMetadata,
   type AgeAssuranceState,
   AgeAssuranceStatus,
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ function computeAgeAssuranceState({
   config?: AppBskyAgeassuranceDefs.Config
   state?: AppBskyAgeassuranceDefs.State
   metadata?: AgeAssuranceMetadata
-  deviceSignals?: AgeRange.AgeRangeResponse
+  deviceSignals?: AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals
 }) {
   /**
    * This is where we control logged-out moderation prefs. It's all

src/ageAssurance/types.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type * as AgeRange from 'expo-age-range'
 import {
   type AppBskyAgeassuranceDefs,
   type computeAgeAssuranceRegionAccess,
@@ -27,6 +28,23 @@ export type AgeAssuranceConfigRegion = AppBskyAgeassuranceDefs.ConfigRegion & {
   verificationMethods?: AgeAssuranceVerificationMethod[]
 }
 
+/**
+ * The on-device age signals plus the region they were captured in.
+ *
+ * Device assurance can't be verified server-side (the OS gives us no signed
+ * attestation, only age bounds), so we persist it client-side only and bind it
+ * to its origin region. The signals are only honored when the user's current
+ * region matches `originRegion` — a grant captured in TX must not silently
+ * unlock another region. See `getAssuredAgeFromDeviceSignals`.
+ */
+export type AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals = {
+  signals: AgeRange.AgeRangeResponse
+  originRegion: {
+    countryCode: string
+    regionCode?: string
+  }
+}
+
 export enum AgeAssuranceAccess {
   Unknown = 'unknown',
   None = 'none',

src/ageAssurance/util.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import {useMemo} from 'react'
-import type * as AgeRange from 'expo-age-range'
 import {
   type AppBskyAgeassuranceDefs,
   getAgeAssuranceRegionConfig,
@@ -13,6 +12,7 @@ import {useAgeAssuranceServerDataContext} from '#/ageAssurance/data'
 import {
   AgeAssuranceAccess,
   type AgeAssuranceConfigRegion,
+  type AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals,
   type AgeAssuranceFlags,
   type AgeAssuranceMetadata,
   type AgeAssuranceState,
@@ -64,20 +64,46 @@ export function regionAllowsDeviceVerification(
 }
 
 /**
- * Derives an assured age from native device signals, but only for regions that
+ * Whether two regions refer to the same country + region. Used to ensure device
- * permit device verification. The OS-provided `lowerBound` is the minimum age
+ * signals are only applied within the region they were captured in.
- * the platform will attest to, which maps directly onto the `assuredAge` input
+ */
- * of the rule engine (i.e. `IfAssuredOverAge`/`IfAssuredUnderAge` rules).
+function isSameRegion(
+  a: {countryCode: string; regionCode?: string},
+  b: {countryCode: string; regionCode?: string},
+): boolean {
+  return a.countryCode === b.countryCode && a.regionCode === b.regionCode
+}
+
+/**
+ * Derives an assured age from native device signals, but only when:
  *
- * Returns undefined when the region doesn't allow device verification or when
+ * 1. the current region permits device verification, and
- * the OS didn't provide a usable lower bound.
+ * 2. the signals were captured in this same region.
+ *
+ * Device assurance is region-bound (see {@link AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals}): a
+ * grant captured in TX must not unlock another region. The OS-provided
+ * `lowerBound` is the minimum age the platform will attest to, which maps
+ * directly onto the `assuredAge` input of the rule engine (i.e.
+ * `IfAssuredOverAge`/`IfAssuredUnderAge` rules).
+ *
+ * Returns undefined when device verification doesn't apply or the OS didn't
+ * provide a usable lower bound.
  */
 export function getAssuredAgeFromDeviceSignals(
   region: AppBskyAgeassuranceDefs.ConfigRegion,
-  deviceSignals: AgeRange.AgeRangeResponse | undefined,
+  deviceSignals: AgeAssuranceDeviceSignals | undefined,
 ): number | undefined {
   if (!regionAllowsDeviceVerification(region)) return undefined
-  const lowerBound = deviceSignals?.lowerBound
+  if (!deviceSignals) return undefined
+  if (
+    !isSameRegion(deviceSignals.originRegion, {
+      countryCode: region.countryCode,
+      regionCode: region.regionCode,
+    })
+  ) {
+    return undefined
+  }
+  const lowerBound = deviceSignals.signals.lowerBound
   return typeof lowerBound === 'number' ? lowerBound : undefined
 }